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- ******************************
- * DNA photolyases signatures *
- ******************************
-
- Deoxyribodipyrimidine photolyase (EC 4.1.99.3) (DNA photolyase) [1,2] is a DNA
- repair enzyme. It binds to UV-damaged DNA containing pyrimidine dimers and,
- upon absorbing a near-UV photon (300 to 500 nm), breaks the cyclobutane ring
- joining the two pyrimidines of the dimer. There are two classes of DNA
- photolyases, both of which contain reduced FADH2 as a choromophore-cofactor.
- In addition, the folate class contains 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (5,10-
- MTFH) and the deazaflavin class contains an oxidized 8-hydroxy-5-deazaflavin
- derivative (F420) as the second chromophore. The folate class enzymes are
- exemplified by Escherichia coli and yeast photolyases, the deazaflavin class
- by the Anacystis nidulans and Streptomyces griseus enzymes. The folate or
- deazaflavin chromophore appears to function as an antenna, while the FADH2
- chromophore is thought to be responsible for electron transfer.
-
- The Arabidopsis protein HY4 [3], which is a blue-light photoreceptor, is
- structurally related to DNA photolyases.
-
- There are a number of conserved sequence regions in all known DNA photolyases,
- especially in the C-terminal part. We selected two of these regions as
- signature patterns.
-
- -Consensus pattern: T-G-x-P-[LIVM](2)-D-A-x-M-R-x-[LIVM]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [DN]-R-x-R-[LIVM](2)-x-[STA](2)-F-[LIVMF]-x-K-x-L-x(2,3)-
- W-R
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Note: a goldfish visible light-induced photolyase [4] does not seem to be
- related to the family of proteins described here.
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Patterns and text revised.
-
- [ 1] Sancar G.B., Sancar A.
- Trends Biochem. Sci. 12:259-261(1987).
- [ 2] Jorns M.S.
- Biofactors 2:207-211(1990).
- [ 3] Ahmad M., Cashmore A.R.
- Nature 366:162-166(1993).
- [ 4] Yasuhira S., Yasui A.
- J. Biol. Chem. 267:25644-25647(1992).
-